铝三角
(1)2Al+2NaOH+2H2O===2NaAlO2+3H2o
(2)4Al+3O2===2Al2O3(条件:点燃)
[2Al+Fe2O3===Al2O3+2Fe(条件:高温)]
(3)2Al2O3===4Al+3O2(上升)(条件:电解)
(4)2Al+3Cl2===2AlCl3(条件:点燃)
[2Al+6HCl===2AlCl3+3H2(上升)]
(5)Al2O3+2NaOH===2NaAlO2+H2O
(6)Al2O3+6HCl===2AlCl3+3H2O
(7)NaAlO2+HCl+H2O===NaCl+Al(OH)3(沉淀)
(8)Al(OH)3+NaOH===NaAlO2+2H2O
(9)2Al(OH)3===Al2O3+3H2O(条件:加热)
(10)Al(OH)3+3HCl===AlCl3+3H2O
(11)AlCl3+3NH3.H2O===Al(OH)3(沉淀)+3NH4Cl
[AlCl3+3NaOH===Al(OH)3(沉淀)+3NaCl]
(12)NaAlO2+HCl(过)===AlCl3+NaOH+H2O
离子方程式:
1Al3++3OH-=Al(OH)3(s)
2Al(OH)3+3H+=Al3++3H2O
3Al(OH)3+OH-=AlO2-+2H2O
4AlO2-+H++H2O=Al(OH)3(s)
5Al3++4OH-=AlO2-+2H2O
6AlO2-+4H+=Al3++2H2Os为沉淀
铁三角
1Fe+2H+=Fe2++H2(g)
2Fe2++Zn=Fe+Zn2+
32Fe2++Cl2=2Fe3++2Cl-
42Fe3++Fe=3Fe2+还可以和Cu反应
52Fe+3Cl2=2Fe3++6Cl-
62Fe3++3Zn=2Fe+3Zn2+